The Tribunal Explained An independent, neutral guide to the disputes around Poland's Constitutional Tribunal, 1982–2026 https://trybunal.net/en/feed.xml 2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00 The Tribunal Explained Europe and the Tribunal: Strasbourg, Luxembourg, Venice and Brusselshttps://trybunal.net/en/europe-and-the-tribunal/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00What the ECtHR and the CJEU ruled on Poland's Constitutional Tribunal, what the Venice Commission advised and what the European Commission did, 2016–2026. Origins: from the Polish People's Republic to the 1997 Constitutionhttps://trybunal.net/en/origins-1982-1997/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00The 1982 amendment, the 1985 Act, the first bench and U 1/86, changes after 1989, resolution W 6/93, and the 1997 Constitution and Tribunal Act. How Poland's Constitutional Tribunal workshttps://trybunal.net/en/how-the-tribunal-works/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00What Poland's Constitutional Tribunal does, who can bring a case, what a judgment does, how judges and the Tribunal's President are chosen. The key legal questionshttps://trybunal.net/en/key-legal-questions/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00Nine legal questions in the dispute over Poland's Constitutional Tribunal: oaths, Sejm resolutions, leadership, publication, bench size, European courts. The 2015–2017 crisis: five seats, rulings and unpublished judgmentshttps://trybunal.net/en/the-2015-2017-crisis/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00The October and December 2015 elections of Tribunal judges, the oaths, judgments K 34/15, K 35/15, K 47/15 and K 39/16, publication disputes and new leadership. 1997–2015: how judges were chosen and what preceded the 2015 disputehttps://trybunal.net/en/the-1997-2015-era/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00How Poland's Sejm chose Constitutional Tribunal judges in 1997–2015, with which majorities, and how Article 137 of the 2015 Act shaped autumn 2015. 2017–2023: a new composition, a presidency-term dispute and landmark rulingshttps://trybunal.net/en/the-2017-2023-era/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00Elections of Tribunal judges in 2017–2022, the dispute over Julia Przyłębska's term as President, the 2023 full-bench problem and key rulings. 2023–2025: a Sejm resolution, unpublished judgments and a shrinking benchhttps://trybunal.net/en/the-2023-2025-standoff/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00The Sejm resolution of 6 March 2024, the Tribunal bills and Kp 3/24, unpublished judgments, budget disputes, six vacancies and new Tribunal leadership. October 2026: the dispute over who leads the Tribunalhttps://trybunal.net/en/october-2026-leadership-crisis/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00Anna Korwin-Piotrowska's orders of 30 October 2026 and responses from the Tribunal's President, head of state, police and prosecutors. As of 31.10.2026. European comparison: how other countries handled disputes over constitutional courtshttps://trybunal.net/en/european-comparison/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00Disputes over constitutional courts in Slovakia, Albania, Czechia, Ukraine, Hungary and elsewhere: how they were resolved and how far they resemble Poland's. 2026: six elections, two kinds of oath and a dispute over who may sithttps://trybunal.net/en/2026-elections-and-oaths/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00The 2026 Tribunal elections, oaths before the President and in the Sejm, judgment K 3/26, the ECtHR interim measure, the Venice Commission and the 15 seats. Scenarios: what could happen nexthttps://trybunal.net/en/scenarios/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00Documented paths for the dispute over Poland's Constitutional Tribunal: coming weeks, the 2027 election, constitutional change – with conditions and sources. Changelog and correctionshttps://trybunal.net/en/changelog/2026-10-31T04:00:00+01:00Dated log of changes and corrections to The Tribunal Explained.